The production, trade, purchase and distribution of narcotics are strictly regulated. Anyone wishing to manufacture, process or trade in narcotics in Liechtenstein requires a permit from the Office of Public Health.

Pharmacists and doctors are authorized to purchase and dispense narcotics with their professional license.

Narcotics are kept separate from all other therapeutic products and goods and stored under lock and key. In addition, doctors and pharmacies must keep a record of all narcotics and provide the Office of Public Health with a list of incoming and outgoing narcotics and stock levels at the end of the year.

In close cooperation with Switzerland, the Office of Public Health monitors national traffic in narcotics and psychotropic (i.e. substances that influence mental functions, affect mood and behavior) substances and precursors (are not narcotics themselves, but can be processed into them). Liechtenstein is integrated into the Swiss control system for narcotics. This makes it possible to detect possible abuse and also to compile informative consumer statistics.