All persons who are resident or gainfully employed in Liechtenstein must take out insurance for compulsory health care in Liechtenstein. They must register with a government-recognized fund in Liechtenstein within three months of becoming subject to compulsory insurance. The insurance obligation begins on the day of birth, upon taking up residence in Liechtenstein or upon taking up gainful employment in Liechtenstein. Each person must be individually insured. If no entry into a recognized fund takes place within three months, the Office of Public Health assigns these persons to a health insurance fund.

For persons with a cross-border situation, the insurance obligation is based on the subordination rules of the Ordinance on Social Security Coordination No. 883/2004 or the Vaduz Convention. The Office of Public Health is available in individual cases for information on the applicable social security law.